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Generation of 3D Bioprinted Gradient, Chiral, and Stimuli-Responsive Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Multifunctional Biomaterials for Cell-Biomaterial Interaction Studies

Subject Area Biomaterials
Synthesis and Properties of Functional Materials
Term from 2015 to 2022
Project identifier Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 268394705
 
Final Report Year 2022

Final Report Abstract

Our research results demontrated that (a) cells distinguishes between the enantiomers on the NMs surfaces; thus, cells’ adhesion, proliferation, and migration were influenced by chirality on the NMs surfaces and within the 3D network of the NC hydrogels (chirality-dependent cell adhesion and migration). (b) chirality-dependent cell adhesion was directly correlated with differentiated adsorption behavior of proteins on chiral surfaces. The specific stereoselective interactions between proteins and chiral surfaces resulted in new stereochemistries on the chiral surfaces, which in turn influenced cell affinity. (c) step-gradient or triphasic NC hydrogels can be prepared using 3D printing techniques in XY and XZ plane. So we were able to direct the migration of fibroblast cells and the osteogenic differentiation of hBM MSCs towards areas in a 3D hydrogel network with higher concentrations of functional NMs or with biomolecules delivery from the pH-responsive NMs. The controlled migration and subsequent differentiation of stem cells is important to avoid pathological conditions such as cancer and metastasis. (d) we can prepare acidic-pH-responsive NMs and 3D NC hydrogels for controlled surface-mediated high-dosage drug delivery to malignant cells and spare healthy cells (proof of principle for pH-responsive local drug delivery). The acidic environment of cancer cells triggered the release of higher amounts of anticancer drugs from the pH-responsive NMs than did the environment of healthy cells, indicating the potential application of our system in cancer treatment. (e) we can prepare bifunctional NMs that reduce bacterial bioluminescence and biofilm formation of pathogenic bacteria while enhancing the viability of eukaryotic cells on biomaterial surfaces which is crucial for wound healing and wound dressing development. (f) we can prepare drug loaded perfluorcarbon-based NMs and injectable hydrogels as new oxygen and drug co-releasing biomaterials that reduce cancer cell viability while promoting the proliferation of healthy cells, which is important for minimally-invasive cancer treatment. Potential applications of our results include chirality-dependent cell enrichment, cell-cell separation and migration, local drug delivery, minimally invasive cancer treatment, and the generation of wound healing and/or wound dressing materials.

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