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SFB 755:  Nanoscale Photonic Imaging

Subject Area Physics
Biology
Chemistry
Mathematics
Term from 2007 to 2019
Project identifier Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 28586557
 
Final Report Year 2019

Final Report Abstract

SFB 755 “Nanoscale Photonic Imaging” has developed and applied high resolution optical methods to visualize structures and dynamics in space and time on the nanometer scale and on timescales extending over many orders of magnitude down to the femtosecond range. The increase in resolution and the combination of nanoscale imaging with spectroscopic information was used to extend our capability to describe nanoscale biomolecular and complex fluid systems, under functionally relevant environmental parameters. Novel methods have been developed to visualize macromolecular trajectories in aqueous solution and in living cells, to reconstruct the native density distribution in cells and tissues, or to trace intermolecular interactions along with forces and chemical compositions well beyond the conventional resolution limits. The research areas covered include optical microscopy beyond the diffraction limit, multidimensional microscopy, spectroscopy with high spatial and temporal resolution, x-ray optics and x-ray imaging, lensless imaging, time dependent x-ray scattering, data reconstruction and inverse optical problems. The intensive interaction of the experimental projects with mathematical projects has created a strong synergistic impact both on the development in optics and on mathematical methods. In addition, computer simulations of biomolecular dynamics have been used to connect photon based experimental data to atomistic models. The following particular advances have been achieved in the SFB 755: the focusing of X-rays on 5 nm, the optimized generation and use of short femtosecond EUV pulses for coherent diffractive imaging, a substantial improvement of the isotropic resolution in the isoSTED method, the reconstruction of the exact distribution and stoichiometry from the nanoscopic image, the imaging of living cells in X-ray dark field contrast, first experiments with novel X-ray laser sources, a new method for serial object reconstruction from single molecule diffraction data with only three photons per diffraction image, new methods and experiments for time-resolved tomography (four-dimensional imaging), as well as the development of virtual three-dimensional histology based on X-ray phase contrast imaging.

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