The processing architecture of practiced dual-memory retrieval
Final Report Abstract
In this project, we develop a model of dual-task processing for goal-driven cued recall from long-term memory. In an exemplary cued recall situation, subjects practice retrieving two responses from a single cue (i.e., dual-retrieval practice on one cue), in which color words are presented and subjects execute a manual keypress and a vocal response. The developed set-cue bottleneck model assumes the following characteristics for dual retrieval: (1) additive perceptual, retrieval, and motor stages of processing; (2) parallel cue and response processing in the perceptual and motor stages; and (3) retrieval stage processing at the setcue level with immutable retrieval bottleneck characteristics. This set-cue level represents the retrieval of nodes for each cue and the respective task set; at this level, set-cue nodes exist separately for each pairing of task set and retrieval cue. Importantly, after dual-retrieval practice, the set-cue bottleneck model permits quantitative predictions on two aspects: (1) cue-specific retrieval overlap when two responses are retrieved simultaneously; and (2) how working memory load influences the formation of this learned retrieval overlap. Basically, the predictions of the set-cue bottleneck model are empirically confirmed in the literature on dualretrieval (practice). While alternative recall situations (e.g., single-retrieval practice from two cues) produce additional evidence consistent with the model’s predictions, this model shows characteristics that are unique and are different to other models of dual-task processing, such as the response selection bottleneck model.
Publications
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Two retrievals from a single cue: A bottleneck persists across episodic and semantic memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 72(5), 1005-1028.
Orscheschek, Franziska; Strobach, Tilo; Schubert, Torsten & Rickard, Timothy
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Dual-memory retrieval efficiency after practice: effects of strategy manipulations. Psychological Research, 84(8), 2210-2236.
Heidemann, Franziska; Rickard, Timothy C.; Schubert, Torsten & Strobach, Tilo
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The dual-task practice advantage: Empirical evidence and cognitive mechanisms. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 27(1), 3-14.
Strobach, Tilo
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Age does not modify the processing architecture of dual memory retrieval: an investigation of age-related effects on dual-retrieval practice in younger and older adults. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 31(1), 114-144.
Heidemann, Franziska; Rickard, Timothy C.; Schubert, Torsten & Strobach, Tilo
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Cognitive control and meta-control in dual-task coordination. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 31(4), 1445-1460.
Strobach, Tilo
