Three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations of beam self-modulation and external injection in plasma wake field acceleration

• Applicant: Professor Dr. Alexander Pukhov
• Subject Area: Optics, Quantum Optics and Physics of Atoms, Molecules and Plasmas
• Term: since 2017
• Project identifier: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 367991447

The AWAKE collaboration is now proceeding with Run 2, focusing on several key objectives: achieving stable accelerating gradients between 0.5 and 1 GV/m, maintaining the emittance of the electron bunches during acceleration, and developing scalable plasma sources that can extend to hundreds of meters or more. By the conclusion of Run 2, the AWAKE scheme aims to provide electron beams suitable for particle physics experiments. The key difference from Run 1 is the implementation of two plasma sources—one for self-modulation (SM) and one for acceleration—enabling on-axis injection of the electron bunch into the accelerator plasma and providing better control over the parameters. Full three-dimensional simulations based on first principles are essential for understanding the highly nonlinear physics of proton bunch self-modulation (SM) in plasmas. The new experiment introduces full plasma density control in the first ("modulator") plasma section, providing extensive opportunities to optimize the SM process and stabilize the driver. However, the vacuum gap between the plasma cells, necessary for the on-axis injection of the witness electron bunch, affects the driver dynamics in the second ("accelerator") plasma section. The new project will focus on conducting three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations within this updated geometry.

• DFG Programme: Research Grants