Project Details
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Configurations of individual and collective religious identities and their potential for civil society. Representative results for Germany and Switzerland in comparison

Subject Area Empirical Social Research
Religious Studies and Jewish Studies
Term from 2018 to 2023
Project identifier Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 384887304
 
Final Report Year 2023

Final Report Abstract

The project’s central result was the relevance of a religious identity or identification – within the context of other social identities – that we could show empirically. This religious identity persisted independently of subjective religiosity, religious practice, and movements towards secularization that we were able to ascertain as well. Therefore, the aspect of an identity can indeed be regarded as related to religiosity, however, both concepts are not overlapping. Concerning research in the field of sociology of religion, this finding can help to explain the phenomenon of belonging to a church without believing in God or without subjective religiosity in more detail. Furthermore, we could show a religious identity’s relevance for prejudice as well as its positive societal impact regarding volunteer commitment. We found connections between a religious identity and a certain religious style (i.e., exclusive, fundamentalist, dogmatic, conservative, liberal) that are important predictors of group-focused prejudice and anti-Semitism even when controlling for a variety of other factors. For example, a fundamentalist religious identity could be shown to slightly increase Islamophobic and anti- Semitic attitudes, while strongly escalating the rejection of sexual and gender-related diversity. Combinations with devout religiosity (following Stefan Huber) and a newly developed self-assessment of one’s own religious style as liberal or conservative turn out to be meaningful additional factors not only for explaining prejudice, but also for clarifying attitudes towards democracy and anti-democratic stances. We could account for several connections between religion and politics. In this context, different forms of social and religious commitment turn out to be relevant moderating factors. Thus, churches and religious communities are important sources in fostering social cohesion.

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