Made in China? Concepts and Strategies of Urban Brownfield Development for Abandoned Industrial Sites in Chinese Coastal Mega-Cities
Final Report Abstract
The project analyzes the conversion of large Chinese coastal metropolises with special regard to the reuse of former production sites in the course of a modernization of the Chinese economy and the transition to a service economy. It takes up the observation that, contrary to common urbanization models, industrial conversion in central locations does not simply serve to support the transformation into dense high-rise cities that can be observed in many places. Rather, the picture is much more complex. The cities studied, Shanghai, Guanzhou and Shenzhen, differ in terms of their urban planning control requirements, the role of certain key uses such as housing, office services and retail, the variety of planning and design solutions in the course of reuse and the role of creative uses in historic building ensembles. Furthermore, significant location-related differences within the cities can be observed. The project first analyzes the diversity of re-use patterns and develops a typology of re-use strategies. To explain these differences, it examines the legal framework for urban planning in the cities, the influence of local companies, different initiatives by the actors involved, and the urban development patterns that emerge. An essential factor in explaining the observed diversity is the interaction of the leaseholders and the cities in the conversion process. The latter requires a change in landlaw availability - the transition from industrial use to housing, office space or other uses, which allows for a more intensive exploitation of the land, is associated in the formal Chinese legal system with a reversion and reallocation of the heritable building right as well as a change in the status under planning law. Due to the difficulty of carrying this out in a manageable period of time and in harmony with the interests of the parties involved, a variety of strategies have been established by the parties involved, which in the past have led to the emergence of larger informal housing projects on the one hand and a large number of temporary reuses of existing buildings from the industrial era on the other. This explains the variety of urban planning solutions found on site, the spatial pattern that is sometimes difficult to understand, and the uncertain fate of individual projects that make industrial conversion sites, on which informally unconventional attempts at reuse with sometimes a high proportion of creative uses are emerging, in the environment of monotonous standard urban development projects with enormous utilization of space, become important experimental fields of an "alternative urbanity," but sometimes also projects that in a superficial, gimmicky way vie for attention for the rental of available real estate. Furthermore, the ambitious plans for a transition to a service metropolis, especially in Shenzhen, can be better understood from the planning regulation efforts. The project makes an important contribution to the understanding of urban redevelopment in China and the variety of solutions found in the last 20 years.
Publications
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Rethinking Danwei: The role of danwei in industrial land regeneration. China Urban Development International Conference, BeijingFan, L. (2019). Rethinking Danwei: The role of danwei in industrial land regeneration. China Urban Development International Conference, Beijing
Fan, L.
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Implications of “conceded informality”: The state and adaptive reuse in brown-field regeneration in Shanghai. Dislocating Urban Studies, Mälmo University and University of Helsinki
Fan, Li
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Reconstruction, adaptive reuse and preservation of industrial heritage in Shanghai. 57th ISOCARP Congress, Doha, Qatar
Fan, L.
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Reconstruction, adaptive-reuse and preservation of industrial heritage in Shanghai. In Piotr Lorens, Hangwelani Hope Magidimisha, and Neeanne Balamiento (Hrsg.). Proceedings of 57th ISOCARP World Planning Congress Planning Unlocked: New Times, Better Places, Stronger Communities, 2166-2172. The Hague: ISO- CARP.
Fan, L. & Uwe Altrock
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Reindustrialization in inner city of Shanghai: urban industry park, creative park and beyond. Workshop From Smart City to Smart Region, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Center for Cultural Studies on Science and Technology in China (CCST) and URBANIXX, Bochum, Germany
Fan, L.
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Reindustrialization in Shanghai’s inner city: urban industry park, creative park and beyond. In Abels, S., Becker, T., Beese, K. Hoffmann, P. and H. Zhou (Hrsg.). From Smart Industry to Smart Region, S. 33-34. Berlin: URBANI[XX]
Fan, L.
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Adaptive re-use of Wanrenchang / International Fashion Center, Shanghai, China. In Oevermann, Heike, Walczak, Bartosz M. and Watson, Mark (Hrsg.) The Heritage of the Textile Industry: Thematic Study for TICCIH- The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage, S. 116. Lodz: Lodz U of Technology Repository
Fan, L.
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Implications of “conceded informality”: The state and adaptive reuse in brownfield regeneration in Shanghai. Urban Matters.
Fan, Li; Altrock, Uwe & Appelhans, Nadine
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Institutional Arrangement and Practical Strategies of Urban Regeneration in Germany from 1960 to 2019. In Urban Planning International 37(1).
Tan, X.; Altrock, U. & Xin, Y.
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State-led Urban Regeneration Through Funding Program in Germany. In Urban Planning International 37(1), S. 16-21
Fan, L. & Altrock, U.
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Understanding experimental governance of urban regeneration from the perspective of social learning – the case of Kingway Brewery in Shenzhen. Urban Research & Practice, 17(2), 195-217.
Tan, Xiaohong; Altrock, Uwe; Wang, Jia & Yue, Jun
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From careful urban regeneration to socially integrated cities: German Urban Regeneration under Social Welfare Policy. In Beijing Planning Review 1, S. 12-15
Fan, L.; Altrock, U. & Yang, C.
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Spekulation nach Abschluss einer erfolgreichen Sanierung?. Jahrbuch Stadterneuerung, 279-314. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
Altrock, Uwe & Fan, Li
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Stadtentwicklung und Konversionsflächen. In: Sina Hardaker und Peter Dannenberg (Hrsg.): China-Geographien einer Weltmacht. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer, S. 271-279
Altrock, U. & Li Fan, Xiaohong Tan
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Urban Renewal Beyond Urban Planning: Dual Urbanism of Industrial Land Renewal in Shanghai. Harvard MIT UBC Urban China Conference 2023: Has planning guided China's urbanization? Boston, USA
Fan, L. & Chen, X.
