Geogenic molybdenum in ground and drinking water
Final Report Abstract
This work aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the occurrence and mobility of molybdenum (Mo) in carbonate aquifers to improve the risk assessment of increased release of Mo due to anthropogenic induced changes. The main research objectives of the work were (i) the characterization of the mineralogy and main source of Mo in carbonate aquifers and (ii) the investigation of the processes leading to the mobilization and immobilization of Mo in groundwater. Although carbonate aquifers supply drinking water to large portions of the world population and the managed aquifer recharge (MAR) technique aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is increasingly used to meet growing drinking water demand, the monitoring and risk assessment for the release of Mo during ASR in carbonate aquifers has so far received little attention. One reason might be the lack of larger-scale studies and regulations defining the monitoring and reporting of Mo in groundwater. However, a comprehensive understanding of the occurrence and mobility of Mo in carbonate aquifers is crucial in areas where ASR is used more frequently. Beyond the risk of Mo being released during the operation of ASR, increased release of Mo from carbonate aquifers is also conceivable in subsurface environments where anthropogenic activities disturb the natural geochemical conditions in Mo-bearing carbonate aquifers. This work provided a basis for better estimating processes that may lead to the release of Mo in carbonate aquifers through the detailed investigation of the occurrence of Mo in the carbonate matrix and the processes that affect the mobility of Mo. The laboratory analyses and reactive transport modeling focused on carbonates of the Avon Park Formation (APF) as part of the Floridan Aquifer System (FAS). However, the findings are directly transferable to other locations worldwide.
Publications
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Should Monitoring of Molybdenum (Mo) in Groundwater, Drinking Water and Well Permitting Made Mandatory?. Environmental Science & Technology, 54(1), 1-2.
Pichler, T. & Koopmann, S.
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Optimization and assessment of a sequential extraction procedure for calcium carbonate rocks. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 193(9).
Scheplitz, Janin; Koopmann, Sarah; Fröllje, Henning & Pichler, Thomas
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Celestine and powellite as redox indicators during diagenesis of molybdenum-bearing carbonate aquifers. Applied Geochemistry, 144, 105399.
Koopmann, Sarah & Pichler, Thomas
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Molybdenum Release Triggered by Dolomite Dissolution: Experimental Evidence and Conceptual Model. Environmental Science & Technology, 56(17), 12325-12335.
Koopmann, Sarah; Prommer, Henning & Pichler, Thomas
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Molybdenum Mobility During Managed Aquifer Recharge in Carbonate Aquifers. Environmental Science & Technology, 57(19), 7478-7489.
Koopmann, Sarah; Prommer, Henning; Siade, Adam & Pichler, Thomas
