Real-Time Publish/Subscribe for the Industrial Internet of Things

• Applicants: Professor Dr.-Ing. Gero Mühl; Professor Dr.-Ing. Dirk Timmermann
• Subject Area: Security and Dependability, Operating-, Communication- and Distributed Systems
• Term: from 2018 to 2023
• Project identifier: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 410407136

• Final Report Year: 2024

Final Report Abstract

Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN) have revolutionized network technology in recent years by improving the reliability, predictability, performance, and flexibility of networks and driving the development of new applications. Building on these technologies, the DFG project aimed to unify flexibility and determinism for real-time applications. The development of a realtime Publish/Subscribe system played a crucial role by enabling efficient and reliable communication of data in realtime. The project developed innovative solutions that combine the flexibility of SDN with the realtime capabilities of TSN. One focus was on offline planning of time-triggered realtime traffic using an ILP model that jointly plans network paths and transmission times. Another focus was on stateless/stateful Publish/Subscribe routing, which enables flexible routing strategies for real-time data. By using P4 for source routing, innovative approaches were developed that enable optimized data distribution in highly dynamic and complex networks. The project also developed advanced traffic management methods for time-sensitive networks. These methods enable realtime traffic control to ensure that critical data is transmitted with the highest priority and reliability. In order to evaluate the performance and reliability of the developed solutions, extensive simulations and test environments were implemented. These made it possible to simulate various scenarios and analyze the effects of network changes and reconfigurations. Overall, the results of the project contribute to provide the basis for connecting reconfigurable production cells in smart factories and to drive the development of innovative applications in various industries. The integration of flexibility, determinism, and realtime Publish/Subscribe into networks will create new opportunities for efficient and reliable realtime applications, contributing significantly to the digitalization and networking of various industrial sectors.

Publications

• Flexible Notification Forwarding for Content-Based Publish/Subscribe Using P4. 2019 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN), 1-5. IEEE.
  Wernecke, Christian; Parzyjegla, Helge; Muhl, Gero; Schweissguth, Eike & Timmermann, Dirk
  
• An OPC UA-based Crane Model Using Time-Sensitive Networking Technology. 2020 IEEE Conference on Industrial Cyberphysical Systems (ICPS), 537-542. IEEE.
  Golatowski, Frank; Raddatz, Hannes; Holzke, Fabian; Janchivnyambuu, Enkhtuvshin; Danielis, Peter & Timmermann, Dirk
  
• Estimators for Time Synchronization—Survey, Analysis, and Outlook. IoT, 1(2), 398-435.
  Puttnies, Henning; Danielis, Peter; Sharif, Ali Rehan & Timmermann, Dirk
  
• ILP-Based Routing and Scheduling of Multicast Realtime Traffic in Time-Sensitive Networks. 2020 IEEE 26th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA). IEEE.
  Schweissguth, Eike; Timmermann, Dirk; Parzyjegla, Helge; Danielis, Peter & Muhl, Gero
  
• Stitching Notification Distribution Trees for Content-based Publish/Subscribe with P4. 2020 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN), 100-104. IEEE.
  Wernecke, Christian; Parzyjegla, Helge; Muhl, Gero; Danielis, Peter; Schweissguth, Eike & Timmermann, Dirk
  
• „Automatic Configuration of a TSN Network for SDC-based Medical Device Networks“. In: 2020 16th IEEE International Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS). 2020.
  Benjamin Rother, Martin Kasparick, Eike Schweißguth, Frank Golatowski & Dirk Timmermann
  
• „Content-based Publish/Subscribe in Softwaredefined Networks“. In: 2. GI/ITG KuVS-Fachgespräch Network Softwarization. Universität Tübingen, Germany. März 2020.
  Helge Parzyjegla, Christian Wernecke & Gero Mühl
  
• „Dynamic Migration of Real-Time Traffic Flows in SDN-Enabled Network“. In: 2. GI/ITG KuVS-Fachgespräch Network Softwarization. Universität Tübingen. 2020.
  Peter Danielis, György Dán, James Gross & André Berger
  
• „Realtime Publish/Subscribe for the Industrial Internet of Things“. In: 2. GI/ITG KuVS-Fachgespräch Network Softwarization. Universität Tübingen. 2020.
  Eike Schweissguth, Helge Parzyjegla, Peter Danielis, Gero Mühl & Dirk Timmermann
  
• „Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability in Time-Sensitive Networks“. In: 8th OMNeT++ Community Summit (OSC 2021)
  Peter Danielis, Helge Parzyjegla, Gero Mühl, Eike Schweissguth & Dirk Timmermann
  
• Evaluating P4-based Virtual Delivery Trees for Content-based Publish/Subscribe. 2022 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN), 78–84.
  Wernecke, Christian; Parzyjegla, Helge; Muhl, Gero; Danielis, Peter; Schweissguth, Eike & Timmermann, Dirk
  
• Virtual Delivery Trees Evaluation Results. Version 1.0. Sep. 2022.
  Christian Wernecke, Hege Parzyjegla & Gero Mühl
  
• „A Simulation Model for Investigating Clock Synchronization Issues in Time-Sensitive Networks“. In: 3. GI/ITG KuVS-Fachgespräch Network Softwarization. Universität Tübingen, Germany. 2022.
  eter Danielis, Helge Parzyjegla, Yasir Rashid, Eike Schweissguth, Gero Mühl & Dirk Timmermann
  
• „Fast Publish/Subscribe Using Linux eBPF“. In: 3. GI/ITG KuVS-Fachgespräch Network Softwarization. Universität Tübingen, Germany. Apr. 2022.
  Michael Tatarski, Helge Parzyjegla, Peter Danielis & Gero Mühl
  
• „P4-programmable Data Plane for Content-based Publish/Subscribe“. In: 3. GI/ITG KuVS-Fachgespräch Network Softwarization. Universität Tübingen, Germany. 2022.
  Christian Wernecke, Helge Parzyjegla & Gero Mühl
  
• Towards Reliable and Safe Networked Applications. 2023 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN), 189-192. IEEE.
  Brekenfelder, Willi; Parzyjegla, Helge & Mühl, Gero
  
• TSN Scheduler Benchmarking. 2023 IEEE 19th International Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS), 1-8. IEEE.
  Schweissguth, Eike; Parzyjegla, Helge; Danielis, Peter; Mühl, Gero; Timmermann, Dirk; Mehner, Stefan; Hohlfeld, Oliver; Hellmanns, David & Falk, Jonathan
  
• TSN Scheduler Benchmarking: Results v1.0.0. März 2023.
  Eike Schweissguth, Stefan Mehner & David Hellmanns
  
• TSN Scheduler Benchmarking: Scenarios v1.0.0. März 2023.
  Eike Schweissguth, Stefan Mehner & David Hellmanns