CO2-ice in the context of planet formation
Final Report Abstract
The goal of the proposed project was to study collisions of CO2-ice agglomerates to provide crucial input for numerical collision simulations, interpretation of astronomical observations or, more general, for planet formation models. In contrast to previous studies this project used well-defined CO2-ice particles and agglomerates. Different experiment methods and setups were developed for their generation, starting with a method to generate micrometer-size CO2 particles. An experiment facility was designed and built to investigate collisions of sub-millimeter CO2 agglomerates with collision velocities up to 3.4 m/s. The threshold velocity for direct sticking is 0.07 m/s, bouncing at larger velocities. The fragmentation threshold for agglomerate sizes of around 30 µm the fragmentation threshold was found at around 1 m/s. Additionally, the tensile strength of cylindrical CO2 agglomerates was measured - also in a new setup - depending on the volume filling allowing a measurement of the surface energy. This way, the surface energy was measures for the first time as = (0.060 ± 0.022) J/m2 . Altogether, the experiments showed that CO2 ice behaves like silicate dust of the same size range. Therefore, all known growth possibilites but also barriers such as the bouncing barrier or the fragmentation barrier apply and the existing models for particle evolution in disks can be used.
Publications
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A New Experimental Approach to Studying CO2-Ice Collisions. AGU Fall Meeting 2021, held in New Orleans, LA, 13-17 December 2021, id. P35D-2162
Fritscher, M. & Teiser, J.
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CO2-ice Collisions: A New Experimental Approach. The Astrophysical Journal, 923(2), 134.
Fritscher, Miriam & Teiser, Jens
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Particle growth beyond the CO2 snowline – dynamic and mechanical properties of CO2 ice. Copernicus GmbH.
Fritscher, Miriam & Teiser, Jens
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Particle growth in outer disks – the role of CO2. AAS Division of Planetary Science meeting #54, id. 510.03. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 54, No. 8
Fritscher, M. & Teiser, J.
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Shaping planetary systems early on: Experimental view on wind induced erosion of planetesimals. Copernicus GmbH.
Schönau, Laurent; Demirci, Tunahan; Teiser, Jens; Bila, Tetyana; Joeris, Kolja; Onyeagusi, Florence Chioma; Schneider, Niclas; Fritscher, Miriam; Jungmann, Felix; Kruss, Maximilian; Schmidt, Lars & Wurm, Gerhard
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Tensile strength and surface energy of CO2 ice in the context of planet formation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 512(3), 3754-3758.
Fritscher, M. & Teiser, J.
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Forbidden planetesimals. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 672, A169.
Schönau, L.; Teiser, J.; Demirci, T.; Joeris, K.; Bila, T.; Onyeagusi, F. C.; Fritscher, M. & Wurm, G.
