Characterization of the cell physiological effect of olfactory receptors in wound healing
Final Report Abstract
Olfactory receptors (ORs) are G-protein-coupled receptors, representing the largest gene family in humans, with more than 400 members. ORs are located in the olfactory epithelium, where odorants bind to them and induce a downstream signalling cascade. It is well known that ORs also occur outside the olfactory epithelium in various tissues. Their expression extends over a variety of physiological and pathophysiological altered tissues. In 2014, the expression of several ORs in the skin was shown, where the activation by one of its ligands, Sandalore, led to the improvement of wound healing processes. In the present project, more ORs should be identified and functional characterized in human skin cells, in order to improve the understanding of the manifold influences of ORs and their activating odorants on wound healing processes. Not least due to demographic changes, especially chronic wounds are an ever-growing problem, which is an enormous challenge for the healthcare system. Thus, new therapies for the treatment of chronic wounds are urgently needed. In total, more than 40 odorants were investigated regarding their cell-viability-promoting properties. Here, it was shown that some odorants, like Troenan, an odor reminding of privet, was able to increase the cell viability, whereas other odorants, which are also used in care and cleaning products, significantly reduced cell viability. Moreover, it was shown, that some odorants were capable of inducing the cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) levels in keratinocytes, a so-called second messenger that is involved in different signalling cascades. Since various endogenous messenger substances are known to significantly influence the processes of wound healing, the influence of different odorants on cytokines, like IL-1α, IL-1β or IL-6, was analysed. After treatment with Troenan, there was an increased expression of IL-1 and IL-6 in HFF cells, whereas the expression in HaCaT cells was not altered, or was even downregulated. The odorant isovaleric acid showed similar effects. The expression of genes coding for angiopoietins, which are proteins that play an important role in vascular development (ANGPT1 and ANGPT2), were modified by application of odorant as well.
Publications
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Auf dem 9ten German Pharm-Tox Summit (13.-15. März 2024, München) wurde ein Poster präsentiert („The impact of odorants as pharmaceutics“, Lea Weber, Victoria Brickau, Hanns Hatt, Hagen Sjard Bachmann)
Lea Weber, Victoria Brickau, Hanns Hatt & Hagen Sjard Bachmann
