Funktionelle Analyse der Glukosinolat-Abbauprodukte bei der Resistenz von Brassica rapa gegenüber Schadinsekten
Zusammenfassung der Projektergebnisse
Glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products are an established example of constitutive plant defence mechanisms. However, due to the complexity of the individual compounds and the different herbivore preferences, their distinct roles in plant-herbivore interaction are far from being understood. This project set out to survey the herbivore preference of one hundred Brassica rapa accessions, originating from six subspecies, grown at three climatically different field stations in the Russian Federation, to assess the interrelation between field herbivory feeding behavior and glucosinolate/hydrolysis products, to identify and characterize yet unknown specifier proteins in B. rapa and to better understand the role of specifier proteins in plant-insect interaction. To deliver these ambitious aims, the project was designed around a close cooperation between the German and the Russian project partner, including research stays, data and sample exchange. Due to the cooperation stop in the first project year as a response to the Russian-Ukrainian war, the project could not develop as planned and lacked its full potential. Most work packages were not finished within project duration, resulting in a fragmented project outcome. To fill these gaps, ongoing and future efforts deal with untangling the triangle between insect resistance, glucosinolate metabolite accumulation and plant growth in different geographic zones. For example, in this project, the proteome analysis from selected B. rapa accessions with contrasting levels of insect resistance resulted in the profiling of three epithiospecifier isoforms, five nitrile specifier isoforms, nine isoforms of myrosinase as well as six myrosinase-binding proteins. This high level of plasticity in the glucosinolate hydrolysis pathway will be further assessed using heterologous systems. Specifically, natural knock-outs of Arabidopsis thaliana devoid of epithiospecifier protein activity, which express different isoforms of Brassica epithiospecifier proteins, show a decreased aphid survival. These plant lines will be further assessed using additional insects with different feeding behaviour.
Projektbezogene Publikationen (Auswahl)
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Resistance of Brassica L. vegetable crops to Lepidoptera insects correlates to the content of biologically active substances. Acta Horticulturae(1384), 339-346.
Artemeva, A.M.; Solovieva, A.E.; Ageeva, T.T. & Kurina, A.B.
