Fast dipole approximation to analyze the scattering and radiation of arbitrary wire and slot configurations in cavities and free space

• Applicant: Professor Dr.-Ing. Ralf Vick
• Subject Area: Communication Technology and Networks, High-Frequency Technology and Photonic Systems, Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Information Technology
• Term: from 2021 to 2024
• Project identifier: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 453810896

Electronic devices have metallic housings to protect the sensitive components from external influences and to ensure mechanical stability. At the same time, such housings shield the inner and outer area from electromagnetic interactions, since the corresponding waves are reflected on the conductive surface or are damped inside the shield material. However, for technical reasons, most housings have openings, e. g. ventilation slots, through which the two regions are electromagnetically coupled. The investigation of these coupling properties is of increasing importance for the assessment of the immunity to interference and the emission of a device, since the intensity of the coupling will continue to increase in the future due to rising clock frequencies in modern electronic devices. This leads to electromagnetic fields at ever higher frequencies, which interact more and more with the apertures, which must then be considered to be electrically large.Currently numerical methods are used to describe this interaction. There the problem is converted into mathematical models, where a physical analysis of the interaction processes is not possible and which can only contribute to a general understanding to a very limited extent. In addition, metallic cavities are highly resonant systems, which leads to problems in solving the mathematical models with regard to convergence and a very large number of unknowns.A largely analytical description of the scattering of electromagnetic waves at electrically large apertures is therefore the subject of this project. This approach allows1. a physical interpretation of the interaction processes involved,2. a very fast calculation of the scattered fields compared to previous methods,3. and gaining a general understanding of the scattering process.A new method for describing the scattering of electromagnetic waves on straight, thin conductors and slot-shaped apertures is to be generalized in order to analytically describe the scattering processes on arbitrarily shaped one-dimensional structures. For this purpose, the overall problem is separated into the near and far interaction of the sources and fields using the analytical regularization method, in order to find analytical solutions using the characteristic properties of the parts. It is expected that the different parts of the solution correspond to different scattering processes and thus contribute to a deeper understanding of the overall problem, as has already been demonstrated by the applicant for straight structures and published in renowned journals. The result should be a new method for describing the scattering on arbitrarily shaped one-dimensional structures, in which the interaction is calculated analytically and therefore very fast, while being validated using established numerical methods and measurements.

• DFG Programme: Research Grants