Project Details
Projekt Print View

Obtaining a better understanding of activation volumes in ionic conductors

Subject Area Physical Chemistry of Solids and Surfaces, Material Characterisation
Term from 2021 to 2025
Project identifier Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 467585046
 
Final Report Year 2025

Final Report Abstract

In literature, microscopic activation volumes correspond to the volume change in the atomic structure of a material during an ion jump and can be determined thermodynamically from pressure dependent conductivity measurements. Na+ and Li+ conductors were investigated in this project. Although there is no clear trend for Na3PnS4 (Pn = P, Sb), the activation volumes were found to increase with increasing Br−/S2− site disorder. Motivated to further examine if the concept of the migration volume (Vm) can be applied to argyrodites, the crystallographic volume and migration volume were investigated. In collaboration with the group of Prof. Karsten Albe, the crystallographic volume was calculated by ab-initio molecular dynamics, and the migration volume was found to increase in Li+ argyrodites, even though the mobile ion (Li+) is the same, suggesting that the Li+ volume at the transition site is not constant. Since the structural changes that solid electrolytes undergo under pressure have yet to be explored experimentally, the project continued to investigate how external pressure induces structural changes in solid electrolytes. The 10% Br/S Li6PS5Br was initially investigated under applying uniaxial and hydrostatic pressure of 1.5 GPa. The strain induced was monitored using both lab X-ray powder diffraction (ex situ) and synchrotron high-pressure X-ray powder diffraction (in situ). In collaboration with the group of Prof. Hubert Huppertz, the material was pressed at 10 GPa, where no amorphization or phase transition was observed but higher induced permanent strain. The strain was attributed to the formation of dislocations and a two-fold increase in the room-temperature ionic conductivity of the strained material was found. The effect of pressure on the structure of Na3PnS4 was then also investigated. In situ synchrotron high-pressure powder X-ray diffraction shows a tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition at pressures of 2.9 GPa for Na3SbS4 and 14.6 GPa for Na3PS4. Rietveld refinements and symmetry analysis provided insights into the displacive phase transition mechanism, related to the motion of Na+ and the rotation of the SbS43− tetrahedra. Density functional theory calculations confirmed that the cubic phase becomes thermodynamically favorable under high pressure compared to the tetragonal phase.

Publications

 
 

Additional Information

Textvergrößerung und Kontrastanpassung