Unraveling and Overcoming Cr Poisoning in Protonic Ceramic Cells

• Applicant: Professor Dr. Francesco Ciucci
• Subject Area: Synthesis and Properties of Functional Materials ; Computer-Aided Design of Materials and Simulation of Materials Behaviour from Atomic to Microscopic Scale
• Term: since 2025
• Project identifier: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 564000357

Proton-conducting ceramic cells (PCCs) are a promising technology for green hydrogen production and efficient energy conversion. Their ability to operate at intermediate temperatures (500-600°C) offers significant advantages over conventional solid oxide cells, including simplified system designs and production of high-purity hydrogen. However, the degradation of air electrodes caused by chromium (Cr) poisoning is a key challenge that prevents their widespread commercial adoption. In fact, during operation, volatile Cr species released from metallic cell components react with electrode materials, forming insulating compounds that critically compromise performance and durability. The proposed Chroma-PRO project addresses this challenge through a systematic investigation that combines computational modeling with experimental validation. Through strategic collaboration between the University of Bayreuth and Gdańsk University of Technology, our research pursues four interlinked objectives, namely to: Elucidate the fundamental atomic-scale mechanisms governing Cr adsorption, transport, and secondary phase formation on PCC surfaces. Determine the role of intrinsic material defects in Cr-induced degradation processes. Quantify the impact of Cr on electrode catalytic activity and establish relationships between material properties and long-term stability. Develop and validate targeted material modifications and protective strategies to mitigate Cr poisoning. Our methodology integrates computations, including density functional theory calculations and continuum modeling, with comprehensive experimental studies encompassing materials synthesis, controlled Cr exposure testing, and long-term performance evaluation under realistic operating conditions. This dual approach enables both fundamental insights and practical solutions for enhancing PCC durability. The success of this project would remove a critical barrier to PCC commercialization, accelerating their implementation for clean hydrogen production and supporting global decarbonization efforts. Beyond immediate technological impact, this research will advance the fundamental understanding of degradation processes in PCCs.

• DFG Programme: Research Grants
• International Connection: Poland
• Cooperation Partners: Professor Dr. Piotr Jasinski; Professor Sebastian Molin, Ph.D.