Lava Dynamics inferred from numerical Modeling: Influence of Lava Rheology on its Morphology (LADY-RHENUM)

• Applicant: Privatdozent Dr. Alik Ismail-Zadeh
• Subject Area: Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry ; Geophysics
• Term: since 2025
• Project identifier: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 569765395

This project addresses numerical modeling of lava dynamics expressed by lava flows and lava dome growth to understand emplacements of lavas and their morphological features and to improve volcanic flow hazard assessments. The project specific objectives are (i) to develop a comprehensive understanding of lava dynamics based on the latest advances in determination of magma/lava rheology; (ii) to improve numerical techniques and develop codes for computing two-dimensional, axisymmetric, and three-dimensional models of lava dynamics; and (iii) to assess the performance of lava dynamics models and to determine how the science-based outputs could be incorporated into disaster reduction management practices. The project work will be split into four tasks: (1) to analyze lava emplacement at Mount Etna using a cellular automaton model; (2) to develop two-dimensional shallow-water-approximation model of lava flows and to apply the model to study lava dynamics using various lava rheology; (3) to develop a three-dimensional numerical model of lava flows to study morphology of lava emplacements versus lava rheology; and (4) to develop a coupled axisymmetric model for magma extrusion and lava dome growth. The following deliveries are expected: understanding of the lava flow morphology changes (length, width, thickness, and direction of lava flow) with respect to variations in the volume fraction of crystals at equilibrium state, relaxation time of crystallization, initial volume fraction of crystals, melt viscosity, and yield strength; understanding the lava flow morphology varying with lava rheology (Newtonian, Bingham and Herschel-Bulkley fluids); providing an insight into the morphology of lava domes depending on the effusion rate and eruption style; understanding of how numerical methods influence the model outcomes; online dataset on numerical model results; and scientific publications. From a scientific point of view, acquiring a deeper understanding of lava flows through quantitative studies will support the definition of common research strategies and alliances for progressing geoscience research and education. From a socio-economic point of view, improved understanding of lava dynamics will have a direct benefit on the economy and well-being of hundred thousand of people worldwide vulnerable to the products of effusive eruptions.

• DFG Programme: Research Grants
• International Connection: Italy, United Kingdom
• Co-Investigators: Dr. Birgit Müller; Professor Dr. Frank Rüdiger Schilling
• Cooperation Partners: Professor Dr. Jon D. Blundy; Gaetana Ganci, Ph.D.