Numerical simulation of biomolecular condensates wetting membranes

• Applicant: Professor Dr. Sebastian Aland
• Subject Area: Mathematics ; Biophysics
• Term: since 2025
• Project identifier: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 570692780

Biological cells utilize numerous tiny liquid-like droplets, known as biomolecular condensates, to structure their interior. Recent breakthrough research has shown that many essential biological processes in healthy cells depend on the interaction of condensates with biological membranes. The highly nonlinear nature of these interactions remains unclear, since they involve a complex interplay of fluid flow, surface forces, and shape dynamics, which can even culminate in topological changes. Numerical simulations are crucial for systematically understanding these vital phenomena on the small length scales involved. This project aims to pioneer numerical methods in this cutting-edge field. A coupling of diffuse and sharp interface representations will enable the simulation of mutual morphological changes of wetting droplets and membranes. The methods will be progressively expanded to incorporate significant biophysical mechanisms and effects, such as membrane binding, thermal fluctuations, and membrane topological changes. Through systematic numerical studies and an interdisciplinary approach, we will reveal how condensates interact with their complex environment, thereby revolutionizing our perception of the spatiotemporal organization of biological cells. The introduction of first numerical methods will not only be groundbreaking for research on membrane-droplet interaction, but also provide a basis for other emerging fields in the future, such as the study of elastic surfaces interacting with multiphase fluids.

• DFG Programme: Research Grants