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Experimental determination of the rheology and acoustic emissions of Colima (Mexico) dome lavas

Fachliche Zuordnung Mineralogie, Petrologie und Geochemie
Förderung Förderung von 2010 bis 2015
Projektkennung Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Projektnummer 165490031
 
The increasingly alarming volcanic crisis at volcán de Colima (Mexico) requires imminent, thorough investigation of lava’s seismogenic properties. Domebuilding eruptions such as that of Colima commonly exhibit acceleration of the strain rate and seismicity before erupting explosively. To date, eruption forecast models employing the material failure forecasting method (FFM) have been based solely on the seismicity of the country rock. This is despite our knowledge that lava rheology and deformation rate dictate lava responses and thus whether eruptions are effusive of explosive. Understanding of the ductile-brittle transition in dome lavas may well contain the key to an adequate description of dome growth and stability. A series of rheological and acoustic tests is proposed to systematically characterize the seismogenic character of dome lavas across the ductile-brittle transition. This work aims (1) to explain the viscoelastic nature of natural lavas hosting abundant crystals and bubbles, and (2) to describe fracturing mechanisms across this ductile-brittle transition. In a second tense, this work will (3) assess the conditions under which the FFM can be used for lavas, with the goal of (4) generating a framework for explosive eruption forecasting of dome-building eruptions.
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