A comprehensive approach towards adaptation in Drosophila
Zusammenfassung der Projektergebnisse
A truly comprehensive approach towards adaptation in Drosophila should include the possible involvement of fly associated microbes in adaptation. As the first step in assessing the diversity and testing the adaptive potential of bacterial communities associated with Drosophila we need to investigate bacterial diversity associated with flies under natural conditions. We aimed at a characterizing the diversity of microbial communities associated with Drosophila using high throughput 454 bacterial 16S rDNA sequencing. We compare Drosophila-associated bacterial diversity in the lab and in the wild to assess the relevance of lab bacterial communities in an evolutionary and ecological context in two species (D. melanogaster and D. simulans). Specifically we collected data from bacteria associated with multiple natural isolates of D. melanogaster and D. simulans reared in the lab, and multiple wildcaught D. melanogaster and D. simulans collected on different food sources on the east and west coast of the US, carefully sampling individuals of both species from the same site and food source at the same time. Furthermore we assess bacterial community variation in nine labreared Drosophila species and their larvae. These nine species were selected to span the Drosophila genus and match the 12 species sequenced in Clark et al. (2007) (D. melanogaster, D. simulans, D. sechellia, D. yakuba, D. erecta, D. pseudoobscura, D. persimilis, D. virilis, D. mojavensis). We analyzed more than 340,000 bacterial 16S sequences derived from wild-caught and lab-reared flies. We find that bacterial communities differ substantially between laboratories and the wild in not only composition but also in diversity. Bacterial diversity is significantly reduced in the lab. Furthermore we present evidence that the bacterial family Acetobacteraceae are ubiquituous symbiont of Drosophilids in the wild and some members of the family are candidates for being involved in adaptation of Drosophila to its environment. Substrate (food source) and host fly species both effect the composition of bacterial communities in the wild. To our surprise we found evidence that two wild-caught fly isolates carry high numbers of entomopathogenic bacteria. We therefore think that our approach could proof useful for epidemiological monitoring.
Projektbezogene Publikationen (Auswahl)
- Adaptive genome dynamics and introgression of haplotypes in natural populations of the house mouse (Mus musculus). PLoS Genetics. 2012 Aug 30; Nature Reviews Genetics 13, 675 (October 2012)
Staubach F, Lorenc A, Messer PW, Kun Tang, Petrov DA, and Diethard Tautz
(Siehe online unter https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002891) - Expression of the blood group related glycosyltransferase B4galnt2 influences the intestinal microbiota in mice. International Society for Microbial Ecology Journal (ISMEJ). 2012 Jan 26
Staubach F, Künzel S, Baines AC, Yee A, McGee BM, Bäckhed F, Baines JF, and JM Johnsen
(Siehe online unter https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.204)
