Project Details
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The Artist's Book as Aesthetic Experiment: History and Poetics of a Hybrid Genre

Subject Area General and Comparative Literature and Cultural Studies
Term from 2010 to 2019
Project identifier Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 176970773
 
Final Report Year 2019

Final Report Abstract

Close historical analysis reveals the artist’s book to be a synthesis of literary, visual, and book arts in which the relationship of the components is conceptualized and coordinated. The foundations of this plurimedial genre lie in the ancient Greek idea of the affinity between painting and poetry. We encounter prototypes in the high cultures of various civilizations. A noteworthy example are the ancient egyptian books of the dead, distinctive scrolls combining pictographic writing with illustration. After Homer created a paradigm for the symbiosis of literature and the visual arts in his description of the Shield of Achilles in the Iliad, the phenomenon of textfigural technopaegnia arose in Hellenistic times, examples of which we find in the extensive collection of the Anthologia Graeca. In the early Middle Ages the monk Hrabanus Maurus, the “Praeceptor Germaniae”, composed a cycle of carmina figurata in a magnificent codex dedicated to Emperor Louis the Pious. In the High and Late Middle Ages, liturgical and paraliturgical texts, 7 especially books of hours, were passed down in the form of illuminated codices whose notation – such as that found in antiphonaries – provides an additional, musical dimension. The epic illustration developed in late antiquity in the works of Homer and Vergil persisted in the literary canon through a variety of techniques and images until the early modern era. At the same time, the experimentation with new book forms generated miniature bibles, circle books, heart books, tease books, and dummy books. At the latest by the early modern era, a further differentiation of book genres took place in reference works on nature (herbaries, bestiaries) and in cultural contexts such as rolls of arms and tournament books, while in the Baroque period emblem books came to dominate visual culture. In the 18th and 19th centuries, innovations and experiments accompanied the emergence of the fictional novel, most notably in the work of Laurence Sterne and Lewis Carroll, but also in books for children, which developed interactive and ludic forms such as harlequinades, pop-up books, and concertina books. Stephane Mallarmé’s Coup de dés, his reflects on books as spiritual instruments, together with his eccentric Le livre project shaped the avantgarde to a large extent. Also influential for the avantgarde book aesthetic were Apollinaire’s Calligrammes, Marinetti’s collections of parole in libertà (words in liberty), and the painter’s books of Max Ernst and Joan Miró. This project is the first to explore the historical dimension of the artist’s book genre, and draws attention to continuities and innovations across the epoch while opening up new perspectives by integrating non-European paradigms. The comparative outlook of the project illuminates the influence of interartistic theories on key concepts of the Artist’s Book and uses interdisciplinary methods to identify the long neglected experimental character of book aesthetics.

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