Ingenieurtechnische Aspekte bei der Züchtung von künstlichem Gelenkknorpel
Final Report Abstract
The combination of technical engineering, cells and molecular biological Knowledge in this research project strongly assists the investigations of the basic mechanical stimuli to the synthesis of developing cartilage cells. Concerning the numerical modeling part in this project, a numerical fluid model was built based on the lattice Boltzmann method. The numerical model takes into consideration the flow of nutrition inside the reactor and also the cells kinetics which is modeled by the means of Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Mass and Impulse transport of oxygen enriched water in cartilage cell breeding reactor were simulated then many oxygen transfer and consumption efficiency factors were calculated along the reactor. The model was attached with a module for calculating the different types of loads over the cell such as shear and pressure load which considered as one of the basic driving elements in the process of growing the cartilage cells. The developed lattice Boltzmann fluid flow solver was validated by comparing the qualitatively and quantitatively its results with several traditional and experimental benchmarking problems. The solver proved consistent results with the experiments for the substrate concentration performed with a steady state error reached 8%. The different loads over the cultivated cells were calculated and compared with the real mechanical loads measured inside a real human knee. Several simulations were carried out to investigate the flow field inside the several proposed cartilage bioreactor in order to better understand the several physical phenomena that occur while cultivating the cells and also to assist in the evaluation ofthe reactors design. For example the single phase reactor; multiphase bioreactor; porous plug bioreactor and finally, the pressurized flow bioreactor. For each reactor model the governing equations and the numerical setup were illustrated. Through the modeling of these reactors, the pressure loading upon the cells is 1 order of magnitude lower than the values recorded inside human knees (-0.668 to -1.330 MPa). Also, the shear stress in the bioreactor is 5 to 6 orders of magnitude lower than the actual load the cartilage cells are subjected to in real life (~0.94E-01 to -0.28 MPa). It is expected that cells which would grow in these reactor will not be able to carry such loads. Therefore, further work should be done to enlarge the load applied over the cells to achieve more realistic conditions for the cartilage cells. The investigations for such reactor design performed as a pre-step to design the manufacturing of an optimum bioreactor model which can offer the required environmental conditions for cultivating cartilage cells and have the exact characteristics as the natural cells environment inside the human knees. These kinds of investigations will also enhance the design phase and saving the manufacturing time by just simulating different designs and choosing the most appropriate ones for manufacturing.
Publications
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An innovative lattice Boltzmann model for simulating Michaelis-Menten-based diffusion-advection kinetics and its application within a cartilage cell bioreactor. Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
Moaty Sayed, A. A.; Hussein, M. A.; Becker, T.
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On the Validation of a 2-D Laminar Flow Solver Using Lattice Boltzmann Method, The Eighth International Congress on Fluid Dynamics and Propulsion, ASME, Sharm el Sheikh, 2006, ICFDP8-EG,200
Hussein M. A., Baumann G., Sherif A. O., Esterl, S., and Becker T.
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Enhancement of the cyclic load on Cartilage cells grown in a Bioreactor by cyclic wall conditions. European Bioprespective Dechema, Hannover, 8.- 9.10.2008
Moaty A.A.; Hussein, M.A.; Becker, T.
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Impulse and Mass Transport in a Cartilage Bioreactor using the Lattice Boltzmann Method. International Journal of computational fluid dynamics 22 (2008) 341-350
Hussein, M.A.; Esterl, S.; Pörtner, R.; Wiegandt, K.; Becker, T.
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On the Flow Investigations inside Cartilage Cell-Breeding Bioreactors using the Lattice Boltzmann Method. European Bioprespective Dechema, Hannover, 8.-9.10.2008
Hussein, M.A.; Moaty, A. A.; Becker, T.
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On the Lattice Boltzmann Method Simulation of a two Phase Flow Bioreactor for Artificially Grown Cartilage Cells. Journal of Biomechanics 41 (2008), 3455-3461
Hussein, M.A.; Esterl, S.; Pörtner, R.; Wiegandt, K; Becker, T.
