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Projekt Druckansicht

Selektive Aufmerksamkeit und bewusste Wahrnehmung: die Überprüfung der Hypothese konkurrierender Interaktionen

Antragsteller Professor Dr. Hans-Otto Karnath, seit 7/2017
Fachliche Zuordnung Kognitive und systemische Humanneurowissenschaften
Förderung Förderung von 2015 bis 2018
Projektkennung Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Projektnummer 271661659
 
Erstellungsjahr 2018

Zusammenfassung der Projektergebnisse

Our ability to perceive multiple simultaneously-presented visual targets is essential in everyday real-world situations such as driving, team sports, and videogame playing. The overarching goal of our project was to elucidate the mechanisms and anatomy of perceptual awareness in multi-target environments and its failure in extinction patients. A popular and informative approach to determining the anatomy of perception in multi-target environments is to perform lesion-behaviour mapping analyses using the imaging data from extinction patients. In our project, we contributed important methodological advances that address several methodological issues that have previously limited both the practical use and the theoretical informativeness of the lesion-behaviour mapping approach: 1) we evaluated and implemented the Clusterize algorithm, which is capable of significantly speeding up lesion demarcation in the most commonly used imaging modalities, 2) we described a representative topology of acute stroke for researchers to refer to when performing lesion-behaviour mapping analyses, 3) we demonstrated that the combination of acute imaging and acute behaviour represents the ideal dataset when performing lesion-behaviour mapping analyses, and 4) we demonstrated that conclusions from lesion-behaviour mapping analyses may vary as a function of the anatomical atlas used. Several authors have suggested that in addition to a lateralised spatio-attentional bias, non-lateralised reductions of attentional capacity are necessary for extinction to occur. In our project, we examined the predictions that follow from this suggestion. We were able to show 1) that the presence of a spatio-attentional bias alone is not a sufficient precondition for extinction, and 2) that lateralised and non-lateralised components of attention interact during attentional performance. We also investigated the prediction that inducing a spatio-attentional bias in situations where attentional capacity is reduced would elicit extinction-like behaviour in neurologically healthy subjects. Unfortunately, however, our results here do currently not allow a clear-cut interpretation. The existing literature suggests a critical role for either the right TPJ or the right IPS in extinction, suggesting that both areas are important for our ability to perceive multiple targets simultaneously. In our project, we examined the distinct attentional contributions of the right TPJ and the right IPS. We were able to show that the IPS is associated with non-lateralised attentional sub-processes and in particular attentional capacity, whereas the TPJ, as a function of baseline spatio-attentional bias, is more directly associated with perceptual awareness in multi-target environments.

Projektbezogene Publikationen (Auswahl)

 
 

Zusatzinformationen

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