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Expanding the Stressor-Detachment Model: A multimethod ecological momentary intervention

Subject Area Social Psychology, Industrial and Organisational Psychology
Term from 2018 to 2023
Project identifier Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 396493730
 
Final Report Year 2024

Final Report Abstract

The project aimed to investigate the role of negative activation and regulatory strategies in the stressor-detachment model. The stressor-detachment model posits that short-term psychological detachment is embedded within longer-term processes. Therefore, the project aimed to combine the strengths of longitudinal designs and experience sampling methods in a measurement burst design, capitalizing on both approaches' respective advantages. Moreover, our objective was to determine whether the model, which has primarily provided descriptive evidence regarding etiological processes, could contribute to predicting changes in the context of an intervention. We conducted a randomized, controlled study (N = 393) with two intervention groups (IG1 = mindfulness-based, IG2 = cognitive-behavioral oriented) and a waitlist control group. The study included a pretest, a posttest (eight weeks later), a follow-up (three months after the posttest), and three weeks of experience sampling and single experience sampling days implemented parallel to the six-week online training. This resulted in a complex data set with up to 126 measurement points per person and a total of 24,998 data points. The two training programs strongly embedded in the participants' everyday lives were highly effective. The latent change in psychological detachment from pre- to posttest was d = 1.37 for the mindfulness group and d = 1.04 for the cognitive-behavioral group. The two interventions were equally effective (BF01 = 6.31). Notably, the control group also exhibited substantial shifts in psychological detachment (d = 0.72), which were only discernible in the pre-post comparison. However, this was not reflected in the experience sampling data. This could be an indication that diagnostically different information is available here. We were not able to predict intervention-based changes within individuals using the stressor-detachment model. However, we demonstrated that negative activation is central to the model. The investigation of the effects of regulatory strategies, supplemented with data from a follow-up study, is still in progress. In a supplementary exploratory analysis, we demonstrated that, in addition to variable-centered approaches typically employed in intervention evaluation, different latent profiles of the four recovery facets (detachment, relaxation, mastery, and control) can also be systematically altered by interventions. Furthermore, we showed that transitions to more favorable profiles are associated with changes in relevant secondary outcomes, such as sleep quality and stress. The data set is currently being used for further analyses in ongoing collaborations and will be published for subsequent broader use.

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