Analysis of uniparental elimination of chromosomes in wide crosses

• Antragsteller: Privatdozent Dr. Andreas Houben
• Fachliche Zuordnung: Pflanzenzüchtung, Pflanzenpathologie
• Förderung: Förderung von 2007 bis 2011
• Projektkennung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Projektnummer 40013986

• Erstellungsjahr: 2011

Zusammenfassung der Projektergebnisse

On the basis of our observations, we propose a possible model of how the mitosis-dependent process of uniparental chromosome elimination works in H. vulgare x H. bulbosum hybrid embryos. After fertilization of the H. vulgare egg by the H. bulbosum sperm all parental CENH3 genes are transcriptionally active. Translation of HvCENH3s occurs, but whether translation of HbCENH3s takes place is unknown. HvCENH3 is then loaded into the centromeres of H. vulgare but not of H. bulbosum. Because of cell cycle asynchron icity of the two parental genomes, CENH3 incorporation probably only occurs into the centromeres of H. vulgare during G2. A low temperature during early embryogenesis supports centromere activity of both parental genomes. In unstable hybrids, H. bulbosum chromosomes lag because of centromere inactivity during anaphase forming subsequently micronuclei. Finally micronucleated H. bulbosum chromatin will degrade and a haploid H. vulgare embryo will develop. Further, interspecific hybrids between the related wild barley species Hordeum marinum and H. bulbosum were generated and tested regarding their chromosomal stability and chromatin properties. Unlike in H. vulgare x H. bulbosum hybrid embryos, there was no effect of temperature on uniparental chromosome elimination or retention during hybrid seed development and seven chromosomes from each parent were detected according to genomic in situ hybridization analyses. The centromere-specific histone H3 (CENH3) gene of both parental genomes is active in hybrid plants. Indirect immunostaining of flow-sorted 2C nuclei indicated that no major reorganization of histone H3 methylation (K4, K9 and K27), H3K9 acetylation and histone H2A ubiquitination marks or location of active RNA polymerase II sites occurred after interspecific hybridization.

Projektbezogene Publikationen (Auswahl)

• (2008) Analysis of uniparental chromosome elimination in wide crosses. IPK PhD student conference; IPK, Gatersleben, 4.6.2008
  Sanei, M., Pickering, R., Houben, A.
  
• (2008) Species hybridization - Gain and loss of genomes. Faculty of Sciences, Masaryk Universtiy, Czech Republik, 12.11.08
  Houben, A.
  
• (2008). Analysis of uniparental elimination of chromosome in wide crosses, 4th Plant Science Student Conference 2008 (PSSC 2008), 1-4 July, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
  Sanei, M., Pickering, R., Houben, A.
  
• (2009) Ursprung und Evolution von B-Chromosomen. M.-Luther-University, Halle, 5.6.2009
  Houben, A.
  
• (2009). Analysis of uniparental elimination of chromosome in wide crosses, 5th Plant Science Student Conference (PSSC 2009), 23-26 June, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Halle, Germany
  Sanei, M., Pickering, R., Houben, A.
  
• (2009). Analysis of uniparental elimination of chromosome in wide crosses. Annual Conference of the German Genetics Society GfG, 16-19 September 2009, Cologne, Germany
  Sanei, M., Pickering, R., Nasuda, S., Houben, A.
  
• Mechanisms of uniparental chromosome elimination, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan, 24.07.2009
  Houben, A.
  
• (2010) Barley doubled-haploid production by uniparental chromosome elimination, PCTOC: Journal of Plant Biotechnology
  Houben, A., Sanei, M., Pickering, P.
  
• (2010) Interspecific hybrids of Hordeum marinum ssp. marinum x H. bulbosum are mitotically stable and reveal no gross alterations in chromatin properties. Cytogenet. Genome Res. 129: 110-116
  Sanei, M., Pickering, R., Fuchs, J., Banaei Moghaddam, A. M., Dziurlikowska, A., and Houben, A.
  
• (2010). Analysis of uniparental elimination of chromosome in wide crosses. 22 - 24 November 2010, 10th Gatersleben Research Conference (GRCX), Gatersleben & Quedlinburg, Germany
  Sanei, M., Pickering, R., Nasuda, S., Houben, A.
  
• (2010). Analysis of uniparental elimination of chromosome in wide crosses. 30 June-3 July 2010, Society for Experimental Biology (SEB) annual main meeting 2010, Prague, Czech Republic
  Sanei, M., Pickering, R., Nasuda, S., Houben, A.
  
• (2010). Analysis of uniparental elimination of chromosome in wide crosses. 6th Plant Science Student Conference 2010 (PSSC 2010), 15-18 June, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
  Sanei, M., Pickering, R., Nasuda, S., Houben, A.
  
• Evolution of Species via Genome Combination. 28.4.2010. University of Jammu, India
  Houben. A.
  
• Mechanisms of uniparental chromosome elimination. EPS theme 4 Genome Plasticity Symposium University Wageningen 10.12.2010
  Houben, A.
  
• Uniparental chromosome elimination SEB Annual Main Meeting, 30th June-3rd July 2010, Prague
  Houben, A.
  
• (2011) Analysis of uniparental chromosome elimination in wide crosses. PhD thesis, Martin-Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg
  Sanei, Maryam
  
• 2011. Loss of CENH3 from centromeres proceeds uniparental chromosome elimination in interspecific barley hybrids. PNAS USA
  Sanei, M., Pickering, R., Kumke, K., Nasuda, S., Houben, A.