Collective Mie-resonances for active elements in silicon photonics

• Applicant: Professor Dr. Jörg Schilling
• Subject Area: Experimental Condensed Matter Physics ; Optics, Quantum Optics and Physics of Atoms, Molecules and Plasmas
• Term: from 2020 to 2024
• Project identifier: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Project number 429807842

• Final Report Year: 2024

Final Report Abstract

The development of nanoscale silicon-compatible light sources and nanolasers is of great importance for the integration of photonics and electronics. In order to increase the light emission of relatively inefficient emitters such as SiGe quantum dots, these can be embedded in nanoresonators. If the emission wavelength coincides with an optical resonance, the Purcell effect can lead to accelerated emission, which increases the probability of the desired radiative recombination. To maximize this effect, the Q-factor of the resonance must be high, while the volume must remain small. If a population inversion is achieved in the emitter material through strong excitation, the construction of a nanolaser is also possible. Dielectric Mie resonators such as silicon nanocylinders are investigated in this project. These are particularly advantageous for the luminescence enhancement of embedded emitters, as the field of the mode is concentrated inside the Mie resonator and has a good spatial overlap with the emitters there. In particular, resonator systems are studied that exhibit collective Mie resonances with significantly increased Q-factors. These arise, for example, in a periodic chain of silicon cylinders. A collective Mie resonance with a high Q factor is formed, when there is an out of phase combination of the individual dipole resonances of the individual resonators..The reduction in radiation losses improves as the number N of resonators increases, so that the Q factor increases proportionally to N3 or even N7 for specific interference conditions of several modes. Since the mode volume V only increases linearly with N, a superlinear increase of the Q/V ratio is still achieved, which is important for luminescence enhancement and light-matter interaction in general. Another way to increase the Q-factor in collective systems is to construct a bound state in continuum (BIC) - a mode that cannot radiate into the environment due to its symmetry. This is the case, for example, in photonic crystals for different modes at the Γ-point. The coupling of the emission of Si nanocrystals and silicon nitride to such modes was investigated as part of the project. Time-resolved measurements of SiNx luminescence indicate accelerated emission due to the Purcell effect for modes close to the Γ-point. Of particular interest is also the formation of super-cavity modes or quasi BIC in a single Mie resonator by coupling two Mie resonances at the same frequency. The resulting hybrid resonance with a high Q-factor and small mode volume does not require a surrounding supporting structure (such as a photonic crystal) and thus represents an ideal nanoresonator.

Publications

• Coupling of Germanium Quantum Dots with Collective Sub-radiant Modes of Silicon Nanopillar Arrays. ACS Photonics, 8(1), 209-217.
  Rutckaia, Viktoriia; Heyroth, Frank; Schmidt, Georg; Novikov, Alexey; Shaleev, Mikhail; Savelev, Roman S.; Schilling, Joerg & Petrov, Mihail
  
• “Luminescence Enhancement of Coupled Dielectric Mie Resonators", Metamaterials Conference, Online, 28 September – 3 October 2020, (oral presentation)
  Viktoriia Rutckaia
  
• High-Q Localized States in Finite Arrays of Subwavelength Resonators. ACS Photonics, 8(12), 3627-3632.
  Kornovan, Danil F.; Savelev, Roman S.; Kivshar, Yuri & Petrov, Mihail I.
  
• “Atomic layer etching: A homogeneous etch process with precise control of the etch-depth and side-wall morphology”, Jahresbericht 2020/21 des Nanotechnikums Weinberg
  K. K. Upadhyayula, B. Fuhrmann & J. Schilling
  
• “Novel shallow-etch recipe to pre-pattern SOI substrates for epitaxial growth of ordered SiGe quantum dots”, Jahresbericht 2020/21 des Nanotechnikums Weinberg
  K. K. Upadhyayula, B. Fuhrmann, F. Heyroth, A. Novikov & J. Schilling
  
• “Study of Photoluminescence Mechanisms from Quantum Dots Embedded in Nanostructures Supporting Mie Resonances", META 2022, the 12th International Conference on Metamaterials, Photonic Crystals and Plasmonics, 19 - 22 July 2022, Torremolinos - Spain, (invited talk)
  Viktoriia Rutckaia
  
• Collective Modes in the Luminescent Response of Si Nanodisk Chains with Embedded GeSi Quantum Dots. Photonics, 10(11), 1248.
  Zinovyev, Vladimir A.; Smagina, Zhanna V.; Zinovieva, Aigul F.; Rodyakina, Ekaterina E.; Kacyuba, Aleksey V.; Astankova, Ksenya N.; Volodin, Vladimir A.; Baryshnikova, Kseniia V.; Petrov, Mihail I.; Mikhailovskii, Mikhail S.; Verbus, Valery A.; Stepikhova, Margarita V. & Novikov, Alexey V.
  
• Engineering of High-Q States via Collective Mode Coupling in Chains of Mie Resonators. ACS Photonics, 11(4), 1657-1663.
  Mikhailovskii, Mikhail S.; Poleva, Maria A.; Solodovchenko, Nikolay S.; Sidorenko, Mikhail S.; Sadrieva, Zarina F.; Petrov, Mihail I.; Bogdanov, Andrey A. & Savelev, Roman S.
  
• Selective excitation of photon modes in silicon microdisk resonator by deterministic positioning of GeSi quantum dots. Journal of Applied Physics, 136(15).
  Zinovyev, Vladimir A.; Stepikhova, Margarita V.; Smagina, Zhanna V.; Zinovieva, Aigul F.; Bloshkin, Alexey A.; Rodyakina, Ekaterina E.; Mikhailovskii, Mikhail S.; Petrov, Mihail I. & Novikov, Alexey V.