dry film processing of hybrid perovskites with tailored optoelectronic properties
Final Report Abstract
Optoelectronic components based on hybrid perovskites as the active semiconductor material have undergone rapid development in recent years. Despite intensive research efforts, however, it has not been possible to establish a simple, highly scalable manufacturing method for hybrid perovskites that offers a high degree of control over the film properties. This is due to the high complexity of current manufacturing methods, in which material synthesis and film formation are inextricably linked. This project therefore aimed to understand how dry processing methods can be used to control the resulting optoelectronic properties of perovskites. We achieved the set goal of being able to produce customised materials and films for various potential applications by understanding and controlling dry processing. We could produce powders of hybrid perovskites by a ball milling process and produce thin and thick films for different applications by dry spraying in combination with a subsequent pressure treatment. By processing the powders using the dry spraying process, thin films with good adhesion could be produced. Concomitantly, the pressure treatment ensured a surface roughnesses of only a few nanometres. This processing approach also offers the potential for facile upscaling without the use of solvents, and hence it represents a novel manufacturing route for perovskite films for this class of materials, offering increased overall process control compared to existing approaches. The dependence of the electronic properties of these semiconductors on the process parameters and the resulting film morphology was worked out through optical, electrical and structural studies. The knowledge gained made it possible for the first time to produce dry-processed solar cells with hybrid perovskites, for which perovskite synthesis and solar cell construction are carried out separately from each other and can therefore be optimised individually. Approaches for the further development of the potential of these scalable processes were worked out.
Publications
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How the ionic liquid BMIMBF4 influences the formation and optoelectronic properties of MAPbI3 thin films. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 10(35), 18038-18049.
Biberger, Simon; Schötz, Konstantin; Ramming, Philipp; Leupold, Nico; Moos, Ralf; Köhler, Anna; Grüninger, Helen & Panzer, Fabian
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First of Their Kind: Solar Cells with a Dry‐Processed Perovskite Absorber Layer via Powder Aerosol Deposition and Hot‐Pressing. Solar RRL, 7(16).
Biberger, Simon; Leupold, Nico; Witt, Christina; Greve, Christopher; Markus, Paul; Ramming, Philipp; Lukas, Daniel; Schötz, Konstantin; Kahle, Frank-Julian; Zhu, Chenhui; Papastavrou, Georg; Köhler, Anna; Herzig, Eva M.; Moos, Ralf & Panzer, Fabian
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How Methylammonium Iodide Reactant Size Affects Morphology and Defect Properties of Mechanochemically Synthesized MAPbI3 Powder. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 26(8).
Leupold, Nico; Ramming, Philipp; Bauer, Irene; Witt, Christina; Jungklaus, Jennifer; Moos, Ralf; Grüninger, Helen & Panzer, Fabian
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Orientation and Grain Size in MAPbI3 Thin Films: Influence on Phase Transition, Disorder, and Defects. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 127(22), 10563-10573.
Witt, Christina; Schötz, Konstantin; Kuhn, Meike; Leupold, Nico; Biberger, Simon; Ramming, Philipp; Kahle, Frank-Julian; Köhler, Anna; Moos, Ralf; Herzig, Eva M. & Panzer, Fabian
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Reactive spin coating based on real-time in situ feedback for improved control of perovskite thin film fabrication. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 12(18), 6415-6422.
Biberger, Simon; Spies, Maximilian; Schötz, Konstantin; Kahle, Frank-Julian; Leupold, Nico; Moos, Ralf; Grüninger, Helen; Köhler, Anna & Panzer, Fabian
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Understanding Method-Dependent Differences in Urbach Energies in Halide Perovskites. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 128(15), 6336-6345.
Witt, Christina; Schötz, Konstantin; Köhler, Anna & Panzer, Fabian
